Why? And Other Philosophical Conundrums

There is a reason you're reading this blog post instead of looking at pictures of cats, which is what most of the rest of the internet is doing right now. In some way, shape, or form, you care about your fitness, and you're probably taking steps to make yourself more healthy. You are hopefully working out on a regular basis because you see value it provides, maybe you watch what you eat because you know it is key to weight control, and you are at this very moment putting forth effort to further your understanding of fitness. These, good people, are very admirable traits to have.

But why are you doing all these things?

Goal setting kind of takes a back seat to the ins and outs of training and nutrition, but it is absolutely as important. Nobody takes on a new task without having some sort of goal in mind. There was, after all, a reason you first stepped foot on that treadmill or picked up a weight in the first place.

Goals are the foundation of your fitness program, whether you've written them down or not.

Many of us, at this point, are going to the gym for the same reasons we brush our teeth: we know we should, and it's become a habit. There is definitely nothing wrong with this, but wouldn't you like a whiter smile? Wouldn't you get more out of your workouts and diet if you had a specific goal to be your driving force? 

And let us not forget those of us who are on the brink of quitting. Exercise can be very hard, and working up the motivation to go to the gym after a long day of dealing with the rest of life can be even harder. But if your reason to keep going is stronger than the reasons to quit, you'll stick with your program and see results.

Here's your homework for the day, due by the next time you work out. Write down the answers to these questions, and keep them in mind as you work.

...Seriously, get out a pen and paper, it won't take five minutes, and you'll actually get something out of it.

What is your end-game?

This goes beyond wanting to lose weight or look better; it's the foundation for your reasoning to work out, and it could be the hardest to answer. What do you want to ultimately achieve from working out?

-I want to be with my children as long as possible, and exercise will keep me going.

-I want definitive control over something in my life, and my body is completely up to me.

-I want the constant confidence that comes with having a powerful body.

Really think about this one, because "I want to bench 225" is a lame motivator without context. Remembering you end-game is the only thing that will keep you going during the times you really want to quit.

How are you going to get there?

What path will lead toward your end-game? This one is easier, since it's probably the first thing that comes to mind when you think about your fitness goals. 

-I want to be with my children as long as possible, so I need to lose weight and be healthier.

-I want control over my body, so I need to go to the gym on a regular basis.

-I want the confidence that comes with a powerful body, so I need to build muscle.

These are the traditional goals, and they're easy to write down.

What steps are you going to take?

This might be the most complicated step. These are your programs, your diet plans, your workout schedule, your mousetraps in the cookie jar; the things you do to be closer to your end-game. This is what personal trainers do, which is awesome because it simplifies this step down to "Do what Justin says." This is a philosophy I recommend to all of those people close to me.

-I want to be with my children as long as possible, so I need to lose weight and be healthier. To do that, I'll start eating 1800 calories a day, and work with my trainer three days a week.

-I want control over my body, so I need to go to the gym on a regular basis. I'm going to make it to a Spin class twice a week, work out on my own twice more a week, and cut out junk food from my diet.

-I want the confidence that comes with a powerful body, so I need to build muscle. To do that, I'm going to work hard during the online program my trainer has laid out for me, and make sure to eat at least 150 grams of protein a day.

How are you going to measure your progress?

You need numbers to back up your progress, otherwise you're just guessing. Many of us ignore this step because we almost always guess in our favor, and that's much easier than confronting the numbers to see if we're on track. Pick one or two good indicators of progress, and measure them weekly, preferably on the same day at the same time.

-I want to be with my children as long as possible, so I need to lose weight and be healthier. To do that, I'll start eating 1800 calories a day, and work with my trainer three days a week. I will measure my waistline every Sunday to see if I am making progress.

-I want control over my body, so I need to go to the gym on a regular basis. I'm going to make it to a Lift class twice a week, work out on my own twice more a week, and cut out junk food from my diet. I've downloaded a fitness journal app, and I'll post the results to Facebook every week for my friends to see. 

-I want the confidence that comes with a powerful body, so I need to build muscle. To do that, I'm going to work hard during the online program my trainer has laid out for me, and make sure to eat at least 150 grams of protein a day. I will gain weight while staying within 2% of my current bodyfat, and I will measure both every Tuesday before my workout.

Pick a S.M.A.R.T. number.

If you don't remember this acronym, it stand for "Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant  and Timely."

Or the same thing with different words, for people who want to be difficult.

This is your short-term goal, and it helps to keep your end-game in sight by breaking things down into doable chunks. There are literal books written about this acronym, but if you've read this far I trust your competency in figuring it out. Just don't be afraid to set lofty goals; falling just short of losing 20 lbs by June is still better than achieving your goal of losing 2 lbs by July, and you'll work harder to achieve the former.

-I want to be with my children as long as possible, so I need to lose weight and be healthier. To do that, I'll start eating 1800 calories a day, and work with my trainer three days a week. I will measure my waistline every Sunday to see if I am making progress. I want to lose two inches by June 1st.

-I want control over my body, so I need to go to the gym on a regular basis. I'm going to make it to a Lift class twice a week, work out on my own twice more a week, and cut out junk food from my diet. I've downloaded a fitness journal app, and I'll post the results to Facebook every week for my friends to see. I will not miss more than two workouts every month, and I will not have pizza more than once during that same month. 

-I want the confidence that comes with a powerful body, so I need to build muscle. To do that, I'm going to work hard during the online program my trainer has laid out for me, and make sure to eat at least 150 grams of protein a day. I will gain weight while staying within 2% of my current bodyfat, and I will measure both every Tuesday before my workout. I want to gain 5 lbs at stay under 12% bodyfat by the time I go on vacation.

Look back over your paper, and see if it puts your goals in perspective. If you've been stuck in a rut for months, just going through the motions without getting closer to the end-game you had in mind when you started, it might be time for a change. Remember your end-game, and always work towards it.

Your goal today: lift a heavy thing. 

One Week Down, Five to Go

May 10

I finished the first week of my workout program without any bodily injury! (Wild cheers of unrestrained joy reverberate throughout this blog.  So as you read, make sure to imagine this.)

Though completely worn out after my workout, as per usual, I actually felt like I accomplished something today.  I was super sore and I felt like my last five squats should have been deeper, but I actually did something that matters, which is basically this: I did things today that I hadn't been able to do before.

I'm paraphrasing, of course, from something I have read by some fitness author that Justin would probably be able to name instantly.  But that's not the point.  The point is that I finished my workout with only the minor weight adjustments that I had to make from Wednesday, and I did it without tears, hyperventilation, or (sorry in advance for the faint of heart and weak of stomach) violently throwing up.

Two things of note:

1) I did the complex through the first time with bar weight, because I'm still very uncomfortable with some of the more complicated exercises that it involves.  But, after my first time through, I started feeling frisky, so I added twenty pounds, which brings the weight up to 65lbs.  The macho part of me feels embarrassed that that's all I can do.  But, when I really think about it, until a few months ago, the heaviest thing I ever had to lift was my laptop or a Qdoba burrito.  But today I ran through my complex like a boss.

2) I did my 60 squats following the plan to the letter.  That's 30 squats at 95 and 30 squats at 115.  Though I'm glad that no one was watching me do these, I'm proud of them.  Especially the first 25 squats at 115.  (To elaborate on what I said before, the last five were basically half the depth of the first five.)

So, I've had my ups and downs this week, but, all in all I'm proud of what I've done.  I'm also thankful that I have two days to recuperate. And eat.  I'm going to go broke trying to eat as much as I'm supposed to...

But Sunday is Mother's Day, so I'll probably be taking this weekend off from blogging as well.  So I'll talk to you all again on Monday.  As Justin's so fond of saying at the end of his entries, "Go forth and lift heavy things."

A Plea for Depth

"Go through a full range of motion" is the exercise equivalent of "eat your vegetables"; we've been told by our trainers/mothers that it's important, but we don't like to do it and will find every excuse we can not to. There are many different reasons to only go through a partial range of motion on any exercise -you can put more weight on the bar, you can get more reps, it seems safer- and they all have one thing in common:

With very, very rare exceptions, a full range of motion (ROM) is a requirement for optimal progress and safety. And in no exercise is the more important -or more widely ignored- than the squat. 

The squat is a scary but misunderstood beast. When broken down in to all of it's separate components, it's one of the most technically complex movements of the human body. I have textbooks with literally entire chapters  devoted to this one lift, and for good reason. However, when done correctly, the squat is perhaps the most effective, efficient, and safest exercises you can do in the gym.

Unfortunately, "correctly" means "to full depth", and this is where most people fall short (pun absolutely intended). "Full depth" means that your femur is parallel to the ground, and the crease of the hips is just slightly below the top of the knee.

Correct depth

Way too shallow. 

The head may be lower, but the hips sure aren't. 

When someone doesn't want to squat to full depth, the most common reason they give is that it hurts their knees.

This makes absolutely no sense.

You don't do partial push ups to save the elbows, and you don't do partial squats to save the knees.A review of squatting kinematics by the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (man, what would I do without them?) reveals that full squats are actually superior to knee extensions and partial squats during rehabilitation for a knee injury.  In fact, a partial squat is actually worse for your knees. In a partial squat, most of the stress on your knee is generated by the quadriceps pulling your tibia forward. Repetitive, one-directional pulling on any joint, knee or elsewhere, is a recipe for injury.

However, at the bottom of a full squat, the hamstrings kick in and balance the anterior stress on the knee with an opposing force. At full depth, with correct knee and foot position, the anterior and posterior forces acting on the knee are balanced. Balanced forces = safe knees.

Figure 2-11 from Mark Rippetoe's book Starting Strength, showing the forces acting on the knee at the bottom of a full squat

And no, lunges are not safer for your knees. Knee range of motion is knee range of motion.

The key here is technique. Some of the things I see people do when trying to squat (see above) are absolutely bad for the knees, and that's why proper form is so important. If you can't squat correctly, you're better off avoiding the exercise. But you'll really be missing out, and I suggest putting real effort into learning the technique and gaining the mobility necessary for a proper squat. Remember, as a personal trainer, I'm here to help you with both.

Here's a simple exercise to practice getting to full depth, which also doubles as a fantastic mobility routine for the hips.

Stand up straight with your feet shoulder-width apart and your toes pointed about 30 degrees outward. Sit down between your legs, and drop your butt as low as it will go without coming up on your toes. Put your elbows between your knees, and push them out so they track over your feet. Try to sit a bit lower. Hold the stretch for 3-5 seconds, stand up by driving your hips up and forward, and repeat for 10 reps.

A strong, full-depth squat is one of the best indicators of total-body strength and mobility we can measure. At Lift, we include it in our warm-ups, our strength and conditioning circuits, our athletic development programs, our weight-loss programs, our...well, you get the picture. We want you to get the most out of your workout, and that means doing each movement to its fullest. 

As always, go forth, get low, and lift heavy things. 

Stuffed Before Dinner

"I need to get in shape before I work out."

This statement, when scrutinized with any sort of objectivity, is profoundly stupid. It's dumb. It's like saying, "I'd love to join you for dinner, but I'm not full yet." Every time someone says they can't train with me or come to one of our classes because they're not "in good enough shape" I curse our society for allowing such a person to roam freely and for punishing me were I to strike them down.

Okay, I get it. No one wants to be embarrassed, and puking twenty minutes into a boot camp in front of your friends would make anyone think twice about putting themselves out there like that. But I wish people would see the big picture: the more embarrassed you are of the shape you're in, the more you really need to get in shape.

 As a personal trainer, even one relatively early in his career, I've already dealt with people who in all likelihood were in worse shape than you. That's why people seek out people who have made a career out of getting people in shape. You take your car to a car wash when it's dirty. If it's really dirty, it may take a little longer and require a little more effort to get it clean, but that shouldn't deter you from taking your car to the one place you know will get it clean.

Even in a group setting, even if you're really out of shape, even if you're the worst in the class, we've all been there before. We all start at the bottom, and the harder we climb the faster we get to the top. So either start eating full meals before dinner for consistency's sake, or get out there and let us help you!